Agriculture

C O N T E N T S:

Foreword by Roderick Shouldice

Introductory: Rudolf Steiner’s Report to the Anthroposophical Society after the Agriculture Course

THE AGRICULTURE COURSE—KOBERWITZ, SILESIA

Lecture 1: Words of gratitude and introduction. The need to consider the cosmic as well as the earthly environment. The emancipation of plants. The seven planets and the role of substances like silica and lime in mediating their influence. How the influence of the different planets on plants is restrained or enhanced by water and warmth.

Lecture 2: The farm as an individuality “standing on its head.” The interchange between below and above. Form and chaos in plant development. The Significance of having the right animals on the farm. The influence of the planets on animal form and development.

Lecture 3: How cosmic and earthly forces work through the substances of the Earth. The spiritual nature of the elements of protein. The interaction of these substances with lime and silica. The significance of the legumes and their relation to nitrogen and lime. The contrasting nature of lime and silica. The mediating role of nitrogen in plant growth and development.

Lecture 4: Substances and forces in human and plant nutrition. Humus and the task of enlivening the soil. Preparing compost to enliven the pastures and the pasturing animals. The significance of the cow’s horns and hoofs and how to use cow horns in collecting forces for the crop plants.

First Discussion

Lecture 5: Manuring as a replenishing of the soil’s forces. How to introduce living forces into manure or compost piles using specific plant preparations.

Second Discussion

Lecture 6: Weeds, pests, and plant diseases and the influence of the planets. The relation between weeds and the Moon. The relation of animals to the zodiac. The relation of plant diseases to the Moon and water.

Third Discussion

Lecture 7: The need to recognize the subtle interactions in nature. The nature of trees and the significance of orchards and forests. The essential relationship between animals and plants.

Lecture 8: Principles for feeding animals based on understanding the interaction of forces and substances in the animal body. Guidelines for feeding young animals, dairy animals, work animals and animals to be fattened. Concluding works of caution and gratitude.

Fourth Discussion

Address to Members of the Agricultural Experimental Circle

Appendices:
A. Rudolf Steiner’s handwritten notes to the Agriculture Course
B. Further agricultural indications by Rudolf Steiner
C. New directions in agriculture (Ehrenfried E. Pfeiffer)

Editorial notes
Literature cited
List of useful addresses
Index

Color Plates: Blackboard drawings by Rudolf Steiner

Rudolf Steiner

Rudolf Steiner (b. Rudolf Joseph Lorenz Steiner, 1861–1925) was born in the small village of Kraljevec, Austro-Hungarian Empire (now in Croatia), where he grew up. As a young man, he lived in Weimar and Berlin, where he became a well-published scientific, literary, and philosophical scholar, known especially for his work with Goethe’s scientific writings. At the beginning of the twentieth century, he began to develop his early philosophical principles into an approach to systematic research into psychological and spiritual phenomena. Formally beginning his spiritual teaching career under the auspices of the Theosophical Society, Steiner came to use the term Anthroposophy (and spiritual science) for his philosophy, spiritual research, and findings. The influence of Steiner’s multifaceted genius has led to innovative and holistic approaches in medicine, various therapies, philosophy, religious renewal, Waldorf education, education for special needs, threefold economics, biodynamic agriculture, Goethean science, architecture, and the arts of drama, speech, and eurythmy. In 1924, Rudolf Steiner founded the General Anthroposophical Society, which today has branches throughout the world. He died in Dornach, Switzerland.