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Intervals, Scales, Tones
and the Concert Pitch c = 128 Hz
Maria Renold
Foreword by Karl von Baltz
Preface by Bevis Stevens
Translated by Bevis Stevens
Edited by Anna R. Meuss, FIL, MTA
Foreword by Karl von Baltz
Preface by Bevis Stevens
Translated by Bevis Stevens
Edited by Anna R. Meuss, FIL, MTA
Paperback
June 2015
9781906999735
More details
- Publisher
Temple Lodge Publishing - Published
1st June 2015 - ISBN 9781906999735
- Language English
- Pages 208 pp.
$50.00
Why is it that certain intervals, scales, and tones sound genuine, while others sound false? Is the modern person able to experience a qualitative difference in a tone’s pitch? If so, what are the implications for modern concert pitch and how instruments of fixed tuning are tuned?
Renold tackles these and many other questions and provides a wealth of scientific data. Her pioneering work is the result of a lifetime of research into the Classical Greek origin of Western music and the search for modern developments. She deepens our musical understanding by using Rudolf Steiner’s spiritual science as a basis, and she elucidates many of his puzzling statements about music.
The results of her work include the following discoveries:
• The octave has two sizes (a ‘genuine’ sounding octave is bigger than the “perfect octave”)
• There are three sizes of “perfect fifths”
• An underlying “form principle” for all scales can be found
• Equal temperament is not the most satisfactory method of tuning a piano
• She provides a basis for some of Steiner’s statements, such as, “C is always prime” and “C = 128 Hz = Sun.”
Intervals, Scales, Tones is a valuable resource for those who wish to understand the deeper, spiritual aspects of music.
C O N T E N T S:
List of Tables, Figures, and Musical Examples
Foreword to the First German Edition by Karl von Baltz
Translator’s Preface to the English Edition by Bevis Stevens
Preface to the Second German Edition
Preface to the Third German Edition
Introduction and General Outline
PART ONE: INTERVALS AND SCALES
1. Hearing Observations
2. Terminology Used for Different Types of Intervals, Tones, and Scales
3. Overtone and Undertone Rows. Just Intervals
4. The Twelfth-tone Row, the True Intervals and a Comparison with the Just Intervals
5. The Intervals of Equal-tempered Tuning
6. The Octave and the Harmonic, Geometric, and Arithmetic Means in Music
7. The Form Principles of the Just Scales
8. The Seven Aulos Modes of Ancient Greece
9. Aulos Modes and Just Scales
10. Twelve-toned Equal-tempered Scale
11. Greek Scale Names
12. Diatonic Scales Based on the True-tone Row and the Creation of the World’s Soul According to Plato
13. The Scale of Twelve Fifths
PART TWO: TONES
14. The Individual Quality of the Single Tones and Rudolf Steiner’s Concert Pitch Suggestion c = 128 Hz
15. Perceiving the Ethos of a Tone
16. Details of the Inherent Qualities of the Tones C and A (c = 128 and 130.828 Hz, A = 108 and 110 Hz) and their Octaves
17. The Human Being and the Tone c= 128 Hz
PART THREE: THE TONES IN THE SCALES
18. The Tones of the Aulos Sun Mode and the Tone c = 128 Hz
19. The True C Major Scale and Two Indications Rudolf Steiner Gave to Wilhelm Lewerenz
20. Rudolf Steiner Tone Spiral
21. “C Is Always the Prime”
PART FOUR: FURTHER ASPECTS
22. The Secret of the Octave, open Fourths and Fifths, and Resonating Difference Tones
23. Measuring Intervals and Comparison with Audio Tape
24. A New Method of Tuning the Scale of Twelve Fifths
25. Structure of the Newly Tuned Scale of Twelve Fifths
26. Research on Pitch
27. Absolute Pitch and c = 128 Hz
18. Further Aspects
Appendices
Glossary
Bibliographic References
Index of Persons
Subject Index
Maria Renold
Maria Renold (1917–2003) spent her childhood in the United States, where her parents emigrated to found a eurythmy school in New York. She studied eurythmy and later violin and viola and toured with the Bush Chamber Orchestra and the Bush String Quartet. One of Maria Renold's deeply-felt questions concerned the correct concert pitch. When she heard of Rudolf Steiner's concert pitch suggestion of c = 128 Hz she put it into practice immediately, and experimented with it over many years in America and Europe. She also discovered a new method of tuning the piano, closer to the tuning of stringed instruments, arriving at the concert pitch of a1 = 432 Hz. First published in German in 1985, her book has become a modern classic of musical research.
